Hair waving heater



NOV- 7, E, O FREDERlcs HAIR WAVING HEATER Filed May 9. 1930 INVEN TOR.

A oRNEm Patented Nov. 7, 1933 v HAIR WAVING HEATER vErnest 0. 'Frederics, New York, N. Y., assignor T Y to E. Frederics, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York ApplicationMay 9, 1930. Serial No. 450,894 I p 13 Claims. (01. sna -24) This invention relates to heating devices for use in hair waving operations, and, more particularly, to heating devices which may be clamped about tresses of hair wound upon a curler.

In general, it is an object of the invention to provide a device of the character indicated which will eificiently servethe purposes for which it is intended, whichv is simple and economical of construction, which can be readily manufactured and assembled and which can be expeditiously, conveniently and safely manipulated.

A more specific object is to provide a heating device which will clamp the hair in a particularly l5 satisfactory manner and which at the same time may bepositioned particularly close to the scalp of a subject.

Another object is to provide a'device wherein the transmission of heat from a metallic casing to the handles manipulated'by the operator is minimized. i 4

Another object is directed to the provision of improved mounting means for the cables which serve as electric connections for the device.

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises an article of manufacture possessing the features, properties, and the relation of elements which will be exemplifiedin the article hereinafter described and the scope of vthe applicationof which will be indicated in the claims.,

For a fuller understanding of the'nature and objects of the invention reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with. the accompanying drawing, in which: 1

Figure 1 is a perspective view ofia heating de-' vice embodying. the invention; i i

Fig. 2 is an end view of the device illustrating the same when'in use; 1 Fig'. 3 is an end view of the sition; l p

Fig. 4 is a transverse section thereof; and

device in open po- Figf5is a perspective detail view of a terminal block.

In hair waving operations it is of considerable importance that the hair be waved as nearly as 0 possible throughout substantially itsientire length and thatthe waving operation be effective as close to the scalp of a subject as possible; and to this endmany expedients have been suggested, particularly in the Croquignole process of waving, for minimizing'the distance of a curling rod on which the hair is wound from the scalp of a subject.

Among the various types of heating devices which have been suggestedforapplying heat to the windings of hair, the most satisfactory and eificient type in many cases is one in which the heating element is carried in the back of a] trough-like face-plate and clamping elements utilized to hold the wound hair in the trough-like element; and in certain of its aspects the present invention contemplates the use of a heater of thisgeneral character which is so constructed that it may. operate-on hair wound on a curler which is particularlyclose to the scalp of a subject. V a As is well known, heatersof the type contem plated are ordinarily hung from a support above the subjectss head by means of cables which carry the electrical connections for the electric heating element which is ordinarilyemployed. Because of the considerable strains to which such connections are subjected, it is particularly desirable that these strains be taken up at the points distant from the electricterminals on the heater, and accordingly in other of its aspects the so invention contemplates the provision of means to this'end.

It is also desirable that the overheating of the manipulating means and associated parts be prevented and to this end the invention contemplates in certain of its aspects the provision of a construction whereby ready access of air to the various parts be permitted for the purpose of cooling the same. i

There is exemplified a type of heating device which embodies the foregoing and other features, and which has been found to give particularly satisfactory results inuse. 7 I

The exemplified device comprises a suitable heating element 10 wound about astrip 11 of insulating material, such as mica, and surrounded by a'layer 12 of insulating material, the whole being contained within a metallic casing 13. This casing provides a trough-like face-plate 14 adapted to receive the hair to be waved, and serves to provide supporting means for the other elements of the device. In the present instance, the casing carries a saddle 15 from which rise two parallel saddle-ears 16-16 lying transversely of the casing. Between these saddle ears there extend pivot pins 17-.-1'7 on each of which are mounted one of a pair of arms 18--l8, each carrying at its forward end a clamping element 19, and

at its rearend a handle member'ZO. Suitable resilient means, such as the U-shaped spring 1 0 exemplified at 21, tends to hold the rear ends of the arms apart. It is to be observed that the pivot pins 17 are mounted at the rear of the casing and that the arms 18 are so formed that the clamping elements 19 move substantially in a transverse plane, lying across the edges of the trough-like elements, so that the clamping elements will require a minimum of space for movement into and out of clamping position. The desirability of this feature will be readily apparent from Fig. which shows the device in use for the waving of a mass of hair wound upon a curling rod 22, a suitable scalp protector, such as shown at 23, being ordinarily inserted between the curling rod and the scalp of the subject. The distance of the curling rod above the scalp; and consequently the amount of hair which is unaffected by the waving treatment is dependent upon the fixed thickness of the insulating member, and upon the amount of space required for operating the clamping means. Thus the provision of clamping means which operates in a minimum of space is'particularly desirable.

Each of the handles 20 is formed, in the present instance, of two strips of heat-insulating material 24 and 25, formed with protuberances 26 serving to maintain the two strips in spaced relationship from the arms 18 and from each other, so as to increase the insulating property thereof and to permit air to flow therebetween so as to carry away any heat which may be transmitted by the material or any means utilized to connect the two plates. It is to be observed in this connection that the arms 18 are fork-shaped so as to provide a bridge member on which the handle is mounted, and two relatively narrow downwardly extending members which are spaced one from another, so that the arms, while having the maximum strength, will permit a ready how of air across the back of the casing; that the entire structure is made open so as to permit a maximum flow of air against the back of the casing for the heater and that the pins 17 are tubular in form, so as to permit access of air to the interior thereof.

At each end of the casing there is mounted an L-shaped member 27 which serves to provide a terminal 28 for one of a pair of electric conducting cables 29, whereby current is supplied to the heating element. Blocks 30 serve to enclose the terminals 28. With a view to providing a mounting for the cables to take up the strain to which they are subjected and to eliminate the danger of having the cables jerked free from their terminals during the use of the device, there is provided a tether arm 31 which is pivotally and slidably mounted by means of a metallic member 32 on a pin 33 extending between the ears l6, and each of the cables 29 is threaded through perforations in this tether arm so as to leave a slack portion of each cable between the tether and the terminal;

By the construction exemplified, there is provided a heater which can be readily utilized at a number of different angles and subjected to the stress of. ordinary use without danger of the cables becoming loosened from their terminals.

In certain instances, it is desirable to ground the metallic parts of thedcvice, and to this end there is provided in the exemplified construction a grounding cable 34 connected at 35 to the metallic member 32 by which the tether arm is mounted on its pivot pin. This grounding cable may, if desired, be suitably secured to the tether arm and may be twisted with the other cables to form a supporting cord. As exemplified the grounding cable extends under the threaded portion of one of the conducting cables.

It will thus be seen that there is provided a construction which meets, to a marked extent. the practical needs of the hair waving industry and which may be embodied in a heating device particularly adapted for Croquignole waving.

Since certain changes may be made in the above article and different embodiments of the invention could be made without departing from the scope thereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scope of the invention which as a matter of language might be said to fall therebetween.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In a heater for use in hair waving operations, the combination of a trough-like face plate, a heating element mounted on the convex side of said plate, supporting means mounted beyond said heating element and spaced from each other to permit free circulation of air thereabout, and a pair of clamping elements hingedly mounted on said supporting means and movable substantially directly toward each other and transversely of said face plate to cooperate with said face plate to grip a mass of hair wound on a curler.

2. In a heater for use in hair waving operations the combination of a trough-like face plate, a heating element mounted on the convex side of said plate, mounting means connected with said face plate and spaced from each other to permit circulation of air thereabout, a pair of arms hingedly supported by said mounting means, a clamping element at one end of each arm, a. handle member at the other end of each arm, resilient means tending to move said clamping elements toward each other, and means including said trough-like plate for limiting said movement of said clamping means.

3. In a heater for use in hair waving operations, the combination of a heating element, a metallic support therefor, pivot pins mounted on said support, and clamping elements carried on said pivot pins, said pivot pins comprising tubular elements having an open interior affording access for air to facilitate the cooling thereof.

4. In a heater for use in hair waving operations, the combination of a heating element, a metallic support therefor, a pair of metallic arms pivotally mounted on said support, a clamping element at the forward end of each arm, a spring interposed between the rear ends of said arms, and a handle providing a pressure-surface on the outside of each of said arms, each of said handles comprising a piece of heat-insulating material spaced by heat-insulating protuberances from said arm throughout substantially its entire extent, and a second piece of heat-insulating material spaced by heat-insulating protuberances from the first piece of insulating material throughout substantially its entire extent.

5. In an electric heater for use in hair waving operations, the combination of a support, means carried by said support to clamp a mass of hair Wound on a curler, a heating element carried by said support, terminals for said heating element, electric conducting cables having their ends se- M ii cured at said terminals, and a tether arm pivotally and slidably secured to supporting means, and means to secure said cables to said tether arm to prevent strain thereon from being transmitted to said terminals.

6. In an electric heater for use in hair waving operations, the combination of an electrical heating element, a support therefor, a tether-arm extending from said support, said tether-arm being formed with a plurality of perforations, and electric conducting cables leading to said heating element and threaded through the perforations in said tether-arm, threaded portions of said cables crossing one another.

'7. In an electric heater for use in hair-waving operations, the combination of an electrical heating element, a support therefor, a tether-arm pivotally mounted from said support, said tetherarm being formed with a plurality of perforations, and electric conducting cables leading to said heating element and threaded through the perforations in said tether arm.

8. In a heater for use in hair waving operations, the combination of a trough-like faceplate, a heating element mounted on the convex side of said plate, a pair of clamping elements hingedly supported. on said trough-like member and movable in a direction substantially parallel to a plane spanning theedges of said troughlilre member and adapted to cooperate with said trough-like member to grip a mass of hair wound on a curler, a plurality of electrical conducting cables connected to said heating element, and a tether arm pivotally carried by said trough-like member, said cables being threaded through said tether-arm.

9. In a heater for use in hair waving operations, the combination of a prolate metallic casing enclosing an electric heating-element and presenting externally a concave lower surface of cylindrical shape, a metallic saddle secured longitudinally upon the back of said casing, parallel ears rising from said saddle in planes transverse to said casing, a tether-arm pivoted between said ears and provided with a metallic mounting member upon its lower edge and apertures through its upper portion, electric conducting cables connected to a suitable source of current and separately threaded through said apertures to cross each other at right-angle and thence leading respectively to opposite ends of the heating element, an independently pivoted lever-arm located on each side of the casing and saddle, the lower ends of the lower lever-arms underlying said casing to coact with the cylindical concavity thereof, the upper arms of said levers constituting handles, means normally forcing said handles away from each other, and heat-insulating means minimizing heat-transmission from said casing.

10. In a heater for use in hair waving operations, the combination of a prolate metallic casing enclosing an electric heating element and presenting externally a concave lower surface of cylindrical shape, a metallic saddle secured longitudinally upon the back of said casing, parallel ears rising from said saddle in planes transverse to said casing, a tether-arm pivoted between said ears and provided with a metallic mounting member upon its lower edge and apertures through its upper portion, electric conducting-cables connected to a suitable source of current and separately threaded through said apertures to cross each other at right-angle and thence leading respectively to opposite ends of the heating element, and a grounding cable attached to said mounting member and extending through a threaded portion of one of said conducting cables.

11. In a heater for use in hair-waving operations, the combination of a trough-like face plate, a heating element mounted on the convex side of said plate, supporting means connected with said face place, longitudinally spaced mounting means carried by the supporting means, pivot pins mounted on said mounting means and being exposed to the air throughout the major portion of their lengths, and clamping elements carried on said pivot pins, said pivot pins comprising tubular elements affording access for air to facilitate the cooling thereof.

12. In a heater for use in hair-waving operations, the combination of a trough-like face plate, a heating element on the convex side of the plate, a pair of pivot pins symmetrically disposed on either side of a longitudinal plane bisecting said plate, a clamping element pivotally supported from each pin, and an operating handle therefor above said pin, said clamping elements being adapted to swing substantially directly toward each other to press against said plate a mass of hair wound on a curler.

13. In a hair waving heater, in combination, a face plate, a pair of clamping elements adapted to cooperate with the face plate to hold a winding of hair carried on a curler, resilient means to hold said clamping elements in clamping position, heat-insulating handles for operating said clamping elements each comprising a pair of plates of insulating material spaced from each other throughout the greater portion of their extent, arms for connecting said clamping elements and said handles, and means for attaching one plate of each pair to its clamping element at points other than those at which the plates are in contact with each other, the last mentioned plates contacting said arms only adjacent said attaching means.

ERNEST O. FREDERICS. 

